Allergies

What is an allergy?

Put simply, an allergy is when your body’s immune system is triggered by an allergen. When triggered, your body produces a protein called IgE, which attaches to the allergen. This action stimulates histamine into your blood, which is what causes your symptoms.

Allergies are largely genetic, though environment and infections can play a role in their onset. Allergies can crop up at any age and dissipate over time.

What are the symptoms?

There is no one-size-fits-all reaction to an allergen, and allergic reactions can range from barely noticeable to severe. Symptoms usually involve:

• Sneezing; itchy, watery eyes; and itchy, runny nose
• Rashes and hives
• Swelling and redness in the case of insect stings
• Feeling fatigue or sickness
• Nausea and vomiting in the case of food allergies

Anaphylaxis is the most severe allergic reaction and can be fatal if not treated immediately. Anaphylaxis is a reaction defined by:

• Hives and general itching
• Wheezing or trouble breathing
• Throat tightening
• Tingling in the scalp, hands, feet, or lips

Anaphylaxis requires immediate medical attention and if you are prone to this type of reaction, Dr.Ahad-Daman will recommend that you carry an epinephrine auto-injector.

How are allergies diagnosed?

If you regularly experience allergy symptoms that get in the way of your daily activities, Dr. Ahad-Daman will recommend that you undergo allergy tests. The most common way to test for allergies is with controlled skin tests. Dr. Ahad-Daman will inject, or prick, small amounts of diluted allergens into your skin to test for a reaction. In this process of elimination, he can discover which allergen affects you and how to treat it.

What are the treatments for allergies?

Once you have discovered what you are allergic to, Dr. Ahad-Daman will recommend treatments to manage your symptoms, as well as a few lifestyle and behavior changes that can prevent allergic reactions in the first place.

On the medication side, there are many over-the-counter and prescription options available, depending on your needs, including:

• Antihistamines
• Decongestants
• Corticosteroids

Another option is immunotherapy, where the doctor increases your tolerance to an allergen by gradually introducing it into your system.

Lifestyle changes are also important, including:

• Air filters
• Probiotics
• Protection
• Avoidance

There is no cure for allergies, but Dr. Ahad-Daman will discuss with you ways to lessen their impact and mitigate their symptoms.